Journal Articles

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    Histopathological changes in liver and renal tissues in Wistar rats given bore well water from CKDu endemic areas in North Central Province
    (Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2012-06) Thammitiyagodage, M.G.; Rathnayake, C.; Gunatillaka, M.M.; Ekanayake, N; Jayatissa, R; Gunarathne, U.K.S.C.; Jayathilake, W.M.M.U.
    Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prevalent in North Central Province of Sri Lanka. Aims: Observe the histopathological changes in Liver and Kidney tissues after giving well water from CKD endemic areas. Methods: Three villages were selected after completing a questionnaire. Results of the questionnaire and number of CKD patients in the locality were taken as the selection criteria of wells. Well number one and two were selected from New Town Medirigiriya and Bisobandaragama from Medirigiriya division and third well was selected from Divuldamana from Dimbulagala. Ten rats were assigned to each group with equal male female ratio. Test rats were given well water from selected wells 1, 2 and 3 whilst control group was given tap water from Colombo. Experiment was conducted for fifteen months Results: Hepatocellular carcinorma developed in four rats given well water from Medirigiriya and one rat each from Bisobanadaragama and Divuldamana. Five rats from Bisobandaragama developed hepatitis. None of the animals given tap water from Colombo had malignant changes or hepatitis. Severe tubular and glomerular lesions were observed in test groups compared to control. There was a statistically significant difference between Tubular lesion index in all three test groups compared to control group (p<0.05). Significantly high Glomerular lesion index was observed in animals given well water from Divuldamana (p<0.05). Some environmental toxin in water can trigger hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. There is a strong association between consumption of bore well water from CKD endemic areas and development of CKD in rats.
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    Arsenic Related Skin Manifestations in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Aetiology (CKDu) in The North Central Province of Sri Lanka
    (Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2012-06) Dassanayake, Rajeewa; Hulangamuwa, S.; Abeysekara, D.T.D.J
    Introduction: A recent presentation has claimed a high prevalence of arsenic (As) related skin manifestations among CKDu patients. In 12 CKDu endemic villages, almost 45% patients were thought to have As related skin manifestations. The same investigators and others, in a website by the Environmental Law Alliance Worldwide (ELAW) claim that almost 80% show the same manifestations. We studied the prevalence of As related skin manifestations in renal clinic patients with CKDu. Methods: A sample was selected from patients attending the renal clinic, teaching hospital, Anuradhapura. All patients with CKDu attending on a single day were consented, and all consenting patients were referred to a consultant dermatologist, specifically for assessment of As related skin changes. Results: 54 patients were identified and all patients gave consent. Data sheets after consultant dermatologist assessment were returned by 30. Only one had possible As related skin changes, and is planned for further investigations. Conclusions: As related skin changes are rare, if present at all, in CKDu patients in the North Central Province.
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    Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in a Sri Lankan population
    (2008) Gooneratne, I.K.; Ranaweera, A.K.P.; Liyanarachchi, N.P.; Gunawardane, N.; Lanerolle, R.D.
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    The fluoride problem in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. implications on dental health and kidney diseases
    (People's Bank. Colombo, 2010) Vithanage, M.; Dissanayake, C.B.
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    Fluoride in groundwater and its impact on kidney diseases in the dry zone
    (SLAAS. Colombo, 2010) Dissanayake, C.B.
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    Ground water and health
    (National Academy of Sciences, 2008) Athuraliya, T.N.C.
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    Kidney disease in the elderly. a Sri Lankan perspective.
    (2012) Rodrigo, C.; Samarakoon, L.; Rajapakse, S.; Lanerolle, R.; Sheriff, M.H.R.